Deformation in Metals: Deformation in metals involves changes in the shape or size of a metal object due to the application of an external force. It can occur through various mechanisms such as slip, twinning, or grain boundary movement.
Nano Science/Nano Technology: Nano science and nanotechnology deal with the study and application of extremely small things, typically on the scale of nanometers. This field encompasses various disciplines such as chemistry, biology, physics, and engineering.
Thin Films: Thin films are layers of material ranging from fractions of a nanometer to several micrometers in thickness. They are used in various applications including electronics, optics, and coatings.
Energy Science/Engineering: Energy science and engineering focus on the development of technologies for energy production, conversion, and storage. This includes renewable energy sources, batteries, fuel cells, and energy-efficient systems.
Chemical Composition and Quantification (TEM): Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) is used to determine the chemical composition and quantify elements in materials at the atomic level. It provides high-resolution imaging and analytical capabilities.
Elemental Mapping (STEM): Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) is used for elemental mapping to visualize the distribution of elements within a sample. This technique combines imaging with spectroscopy for detailed analysis.
Orientation Mapping (A-Star): Orientation mapping using the A-Star technique involves determining the crystallographic orientation of grains in a material. This is done using advanced electron diffraction methods such as 4D-STEM, which provides high precision and resolution.